ebyāh ī sidīgar
-m (-am, -um)
-t (-at, -it)
-š (-aš, -iš)
-mān (-amān, -imān, -umān)
-tān (-atān, -itān)
ka
agar
sah-/ sahistan
ka-t sahed
agar-at sahed
ka-tān sahed
framāy
ēdōn
kū
ī
kē
ī ast
men-/ menīdan
(an) menam.
menam kū
dān-/ dānistan
(an) dānam.
šnās-/ šnāxtan
(an) šnāsam.
ē, (-ē), (also ēv)
veh
veh kū
veh az man
veh az tō
cāy-ē
kahvag-ē
drust
āy-/ āmadan
(an) āyam.
h-
an ham.
tū hē.
amā hem.
ašmā hed.
(an) šāyam.
(tū) šāyē.
(amā) šāyem.
(ašmā) šāyed.
šāyē tū?
nē, nē šāyam,
veh avar!
ped drūd āy!
drust avar!
cē
nūn
ham nūn
kam (/ kem)
vēš
kamāvēš
Lesson 3
personal pronoun, first person, singular, enclitic
personal pronoun, second person, singular, enclitic
personal pronoun, third person, singular, enclitic
personal pronoun, first person, plural, enclitic
personal pronoun, second person, plural, enclitic
‘when; if’
‘if’
‘to seem, to appear’ — usually impersonal
‘When/ if it pleases thee; please’
‘if it pleases thee; please (s’il te plaît)’
‘when/ if it pleases you; please (s’il vous plaît)’
‘order!’, used as a polite substitute for certain auxiliary verbs, ‘please!’
‘thus, so’= ōh
‘where; that’
‘that, which is’; also relative particle
‘who, whom; that.’
‘which is, that is’
‘to think’
‘I think.’
‘I think that’
‘to know
‘I know.’
‘to know’
‘I know.’
‘a, some’
‘good; better’
‘better than’= veh az
‘better than me’
‘better than you’
‘some tea’
‘some coffee’
‘well, alright, OK; healthy, sound’
‘to come’
‘I come.’
‘to be’
‘I am.’
‘You are.’
‘We are.’
‘You are.’
‘I can’
‘You can.’
‘We can,’
‘You can,’
‘Can you?’
‘no, I can't,’
‘You’re welcome!’
‘Welcome!’ = avar ped drūd!
‘Welcome!’
‘what; because’
‘now’
‘right now’
‘a little, a bit’
‘a lot’= vas/ vasyār
‘more or less, about’
**
namāz, cōn hē (tū)?
xūb, āzādīh!
cāy-ē xvāhē?
nē, āzādīh, kahvag-ē xvāham, agar-at sahed.
englandīg vāzē?
nē, englandīg nē šāyam vāxtan .
šāyē tū hindīg vāxtan?
ōhāy, hindīg šāyam vāxtan .
šāyē tū pārsīg-iz vāxtan?
ōhāy, hān-z šāyam vāxtan. ud ašmāh-iz pārsīg šāyed vāxtan?
ōhāy, amā pārsīg šāyem vāxtan. hindīg ud englandīg-iz šāyem vāxtan.
az kū hed ašmā? az Pārs hed?
ōhāy, amā az Pārs hem.
xūb! hušnūd ham az dīdār-atān! cāy-ē xvāhed ašmā?
nē, āzādīh, amā cāy nē xvāhem.
kahvag-ē (xvāhed)?
ōhāy, agar-at sahed, bē taxl, nē šīrēn.
Vahman, cāy-ē xvāhē?
nē, āzādīh, nūn cāy nē xvāham … bē kahvag-ē veh, agar-at sahed.
drust, šakar-z abāg xvāhē?
nē, āzādīh.
Vahman, englandīg šāyē vāxtan?
ōhāy, englandīg šāyam vāxtan, pārsīg-iz xūb šāyam vāxtan.
Vahman, nē menam kū pārsīg šāyē vāxtan.
an pārsīg šāyam vāxtan, xūb-iz šāyam-aš vāxtan cē an az Pārs ham.
Vahman, menam kū an pārsīg veh az tō vāzam ud tū englandīg veh az man vāzē.
nē menam kū tū pārsīg veh az man vāzē.
menam kū-t šnāsam.
an ōh nē menam. ud an nē šnāsam-at.
menē kū-t šnāsam?
ōhāy, menam kū-m šnāsē.
cand uzvān xūb šāyē vāxtan?
si tāg, englandīg ud pārsīg ud arabīg (/ tāzīg).
zih! cōn tō arabīg hamuxt?
hān man andar frahangestān hamuxt.
‘Hello, how are you?’
‘Fine, thanks!’
‘Do you want some tea?’
‘No, thanks, I want some coffee, please.’
‘Do you speak English?’
‘No, I cannot speak English.’
‘Can you speak Indian?’
‘Yes, I can speak Indian.’
‘Can you speak Persic too?’
‘Yes, I can speak that too. and you (pl.) too can speak Persic?’
‘Yes, we can speak Persic. We can speak Hindi and English as well.’
‘Where are you from? are you from Persia?’
‘Yes, we are from Persia.’
‘Well! I am glad to meet you! do you want some tea?’
‘No, thanks, we don’t want tea.’
‘(Do you want) some coffee?’
‘Yes, please, but bitter, not sweet.’
‘Vahman, do you want some tea?’
‘No, thanks, now I don't want to drink tea… but (/instead) a coffee is fine, please.’
‘OK, do you want sugar with it too?’
‘No, thanks.‘
‘Vahman, can you speak English?’
‘Yes, I can speak English I can speak well Persic too.’
‘Vahman, I don’t think you can speak Persic.’
‘I can speak Persic, and I can speak it well because I am from Persia.’
‘Vahman, I think I can speak Persic better than you, and you speak English better than me.’
‘I don’t think you speak Persic better than me.’
‘I think I know you.’
‘I don’t think so. and I don’t know you.’
‘Do you think I know you?’
‘Yes, I think you know me.’
‘How many languages do you know well?’
‘Three. English, Persic and Arabic.’
‘Bravo! How did you learn Arabic?’
‘I learned it in high-school.’
šnās-/ šnāxtan
an šnāsam
tū šnāsē
ōy šnāsed
amā šnāsem
ašmā šnāsed
avēšān šnāsend
men-/ menīdan
an menam
tū menē
ōy mened
amā menem
ašmā mened
avēšān menend
‘to know’ — present tense, indicative mood
I know
you know
he/ she/ it knows
we know
you know
they know
‘to think’ — present tense, indicative mood
‘I think’
‘you think’
‘he/ she/ it thinks’
‘we think’
‘you think’
‘they think’
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